This paper describes the Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) sensor system for a dynamic monitoring strain due to high speed collision. The authors investigate whether or not this FBG system can be used for the real time detection of both the impact and the damage generated by high speed collisions. A three-component strain sensor system was preliminary designed for real-time detection the location of collision and the damage extent such as the ranges of the elastic deformation and the plastic deformation. The basic optical and electronic theories about this system, as well as the mechanism and mechanics model of FBG sensors, are expressed in this paper.