Dynamics of Ferromagnetic Hybrid Nanofluids in the Presence of Permeable Surface

Abstract

                 This research examined the dynamics of ferromagnetic hybrid nanofluid with the consequence of heat generation, thermal radiation, and Soret-Dufour mechanisms. The thermal procedure was inspected with induced magnetism and permeable stretching surface. The physical model interpretation is represented by partial differential equations (PDEs). By implementing a suitable transformation function, the set of PDEs is changed into ordinary differential equations (ODEs). The spectral relaxation technique (SRM) is further implemented to solve the set of ODEs. The SRM was implemented to iteratively solve the equations of ODEs by considering the linear terms and nonlinear terms at current and previous iterations. Thermal analysis greatly enhances the thermal condition and the opacity of the thermal boundary layer (BL). The Dufour enhances the temperature contour while the Soret enhances the concentration contour. The current outcome as compared with previous work is discovered to be in good agreement.